Is the State likely to provide your pension expectations?

At the recent IAPF Annual Defined Contribution Conference some of the findings of the IAPFs Financial Literacy and Pensions Research Report (April 2012) were announced.  This report revealed that almost half of all adults (47%) believe the state pension will be their main source of income in retirement. When asked how much of their current income they think they will require in retirement below were the responses.

Level of current income required in retirement	Percentage of respondents
Less than 30%	11%
31-50%	22%
51-70%	31%
More than 70%	23%
Don’t know	12%

The current state pension is just shy of €12,000 per annum or about one third of the average wage(€35,849, CSO 2011).  The findings from the IAPF report highlight the huge gap between what people expect to have in retirement and what the State will actually provide. This gap is likely to get wider with increasing pressure on the State to reduce costs. 

This means that people will either have to make a reduction in their post retirement income expectations or increase their private pension savings dramatically.

Niamh Quirke

Independent Trustee Limited

ITI Annual Conference Main Tax Points

As mentioned in our previous post, ITC recently sponsored the Irish Tax Institute Annual Conference. The Conference provides an opportunity to discuss issues that other advisors come across with their clients. 

One topic of conversation was the change in language in the latest update of the EU/IMF Programme of Financial Support for Ireland published in February. Previous versions have proposed the reduction of private pension tax reliefs as one of its revenue-raising measures, but the February update omits any reference to such a reduction. This coincides with previous comments, so it seems that marginal rate tax relief on pension contributions is safe, for now at least. That is very good news for those making personal pension contributions.

A couple of other themes that came up time and again with advisors, whether speaking from the podium or in private, were:

     1.    Inheritance Tax

Clients are realising that inheritance tax is now for everyone.  Well, “for everyone” was the phrase used by one practitioner and it is somewhat exaggerated, but inheritance tax affects far more people than it did four years ago. 

You can see the massive differences for someone with an estate of €3 million with three children.  The respective tax bills are:

2008 tax bill:                €287,000

2012 tax bill:                €675,000

Additional tax:             €388,000

That’s a hike in the tax take of over 130%!  It’s certainly enough to get people considering estate planning when a few years ago they would not have considered it was for them.

      2.    Capital Gains Tax

One of the more interesting aspects of the Budget last December, which has since been enshrined in the Finance Act, was the CGT exemption for property.  It seems that people are just not familiar with it as it was not highly publicised, but it provides excellent opportunities, including in the family context.

What the exemption means is that, for a property acquired between 7^th December 2011 and 31^st December 2013 and held for more than 7 years, on the sale of  that property no CGT will be payable on the gain attributable to that 7 year period.

A couple of interesting points: 

• The exemption applies to any property within the EEA, i.e. the EU, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein.  A particular popular destination for property purchasers at the moment is Germany – the exemption would work there.

• The exemption also applies where there is a gift element in relation to children.  If consideration is paid of 75% or more of the value of a property by a child to a parent, the gain over the 7 year period will be CGT free to the child.  Of course, stamp duty has to be factored in, but it is now at much more favourable rates.

Despite the recurring uncertainties in which we live these days, the certainty of tax does at least throw up some opportunities for advisors.

Jeremy Mitchell

Director

ITC Consulting

ITI Annual Conference. Fund your Bucket List with an ITC Pension

ITC were proud to sponsor the Irish Taxation Institute Annual Conference last weekend in Galway where over 370 delegates attended. Bucket List's were a hot topic throughout the Conference as we invited delegates to share their's with us in the hope of winning a New iPad. 


An ITC Pension can ensure that you make the most out of your retirement. Our bucket will be seen at many more events in the coming months so be sure to have your list at the ready. A sample of some of the  entries we received:

"To dance the Argentine Tango with Antonio Bandero"

"To become the No. 1 Formula One Driver"

"To star in a musical on the West End"

"To visit the 7 Ancient Wonders of the World"

The seminar topics ranged from a general update on the 2012 Finance Act to more specific topics such as Capital Taxes, Business Taxes and Property Taxes.

One of the more interesting topics for the delegates from ITC was the Pensions seminar. Most of the key take home points have been the subject of ITC Blogs over the last number of months, and the top five to consider are:

1. Fund to SFT as soon as possible

Individuals whose pension fund is currently less than €2.3m should consider funding their pension to €2.3m (taking account of a buffer for future investment returns within the fund up to retirement) in light of announcements to decrease tax relief on pension contributions and other potential changes that may be introduced in the future. 

2. Consider de-risking pension if close to SFT

For individuals that are close to the SFT, consideration should be given to reducing investment risk (employing a de-risked pension investment strategy – e.g. cash/bonds), with increasing urgency depending on how close one is to the SFT.

3. Critical that pension funds are monitored re SFT ceiling

Advisors should consider putting a tracking system in place to determine when an individual’s pension fund may be coming close to the SFT so that alternatives can be considered in advance.

4. Maximising lump sum at retirement remains attractive – 13% effective tax up to €575K. Tax credit up to the amount of tax paid on the lump sum is available against tax payable on any chargeable excess over SFT. 

5. Employer Pension Contributions – Incorporation of business can increase the level of pension contributions allowed and can involve family members in the business.

We will provide worked examples of these main points in the next few blog posts.

All great changes are preceeded by chaos - Deepak Chopra

Over 100 advisors around the country participated in our recent webinar which focused on the future of the pensions industry in Ireland and ideas on how to adapt your business to meet the changing environment.

During the webinar, we surveyed the attendees on topical industry issues which produced some interesting results.

• 71% of advisors feel asset security is most important to their clients.
• 60% of advisors feel that there will be 5-6 Life Companies left in the Irish marketplace within the next 5 years. 30% believe there will be less than 5.
• 20% of advisors feel that they have a well planned business strategy in place. 65% are constantly reviewing their business.

If you would like to view the webinar please click here or if you would like to attend our next webinar please mail JustAsk@independent-trustee.com.

Michael Keyes
Sales & Marketing Director

Pension Vehicles and Enduring Power of Attorneys

We all know the importance of having a will in place (at least I hope we do!), but what happens in the event of illness or disability? Normally, in the event of incapacitation, the individual’s assets are frozen and no activity is permitted until the person recovers from the illness or disability. The only way assets can be unfrozen is by the time-consuming and potentially expensive process of having the person appointed a ward of court and then going back to the court whenever a decision has to be made.

Increasingly, we are seeing advisors become frustrated that they are unable to take instructions from their clients regarding investments in retirement vehicles due to reasons of ill health. In our experience, the advisors can come under pressure from the client’s family for perceived inaction and the pension provider’s hands are also tied in the event of the client being unable to give instructions.

Ideally, all clients who are in post-retirement vehicles should be advised to put an enduring power of attorney (EPA) in place. An EPA is a legal instrument executed by a person (the Donor) when they are in good mental health. It allows for the appointment of another (the Attorney) to take actions on the Donor's behalf in the event of incapacity.

In planning ahead and making an EPA, a person is able to give their instructions whilst they are of sound mind, in anticipation of the possibility of not being capable at some future date of managing their affairs as they would otherwise wish. Obviously, it is difficult for someone to contemplate that they may ever lose their ability to manage their affairs.  However, an EPA can ensure that, if this does happen, a person’s financial affairs will be looked after by someone they themselves have chosen and trust.

An individual can opt to appoint more than one attorney, and if they do, they must decide whether they are to be able to act jointly (that is, all act together and not separately), or jointly and severally (that is, all act together but also act separately if they wish). This ensures there is the possibility of a collective decision.

The EPA can be drafted in a manner that limits the assets over which the EPA takes effect. For instance, the EPA can be limited to investment decisions over the donor’s retirement vehicles. This is particularly useful where the client wants to segregate decision making in the event of his incapacity.

The EPA legislation provides for a number of safeguards for the Donor such as the requirement for a medical practitioner to sign off on the donor’s capacity both at the time of making the EPA and at the time of enforcing it.

The completion of an EPA does not restrict an individual’s right to go on looking after their own affairs for as long as they are capable. But what it does do is give them comfort that their affairs will be managed in the event of their incapacity.  It may never be required and can also be revoked at any time by the Donor provided they are in good mental health.

Overall, a very useful piece of paper to have in place…

Paul Gilmer 

Buying Property through a Self-administered Pension

A report issued on Monday 26th March from the Central Statistics Office confirmed that residential property prices fell by almost 18 per cent in the year to February. Recent surveys have estimated that property prices have actually fallen by 55 per cent to 60 per cent from the peak.

While property prices have fallen dramatically, a recent CSO report has shown that Irish residential rents are continuing to rise 3% annually. This presents an opportunity for individuals who are fortunate enough to have cash in their companies and wish to invest in property. How this can be achieved in the most tax efficient way is the next question.

                                                                 CSO Report. Residential Property Price Index. [Image Online].Available at: http://namawinelake.wordpress.com/2012/03/15/cso-reports-irish-residential-rents-continuing-to-rise-3-annually/. [Accessed 26/03/12].

There are three obvious ways of doing this:

• The cash could be extracted from the company by the shareholder of the company and the property purchased by the shareholder after paying income tax,
• the property could be purchased by the company or
• the property could be purchased through aself-administered pension.

The self-administered pension can be the most efficient route of achieving this for the reasons set out below.

Extracting cash and then buying the property

Extracting funds directly from the company to purchase the property personally would give rise to significant income tax and potentially company law problems, so that generally will not work. 

Buying property through the company

If the property is bought through a company, there will be corporation tax on rent received (as well as a close company surcharge). In addition there will potentially be corporation tax on chargeable gains, if the property is sold, although the new relief from CGT on sales of properties held for 7 years could help here. However the same tax problem described above when sales proceeds are extracted from the company will apply. It should also be noted there are anti-avoidance provisions which prevent cash extraction at CGT (rather than income tax) rates which could also come into play. Furthermore purchasing an investment property in a company can adversely impact on the availability of CGT retirement reliefs and  CAT business property reliefs which may be relevant in due course.     

Buying property through a self-administered pension 
The alternative is to purchase the property through a self-administered arrangement. On the basis that the required contribution can be made (which involves a funding assessment),

• a corporation tax deduction would be available for the company’s contribution and 
• the rent could be received tax free in the pension.
• there is no CGT on sale of Irish residential property by a pension

On retirement 25% of the fund can be taken tax-free by the client with the first €200,000 tax free with the balance from €200,000 to €575,000 taxed at 20%. The property could be transferred in specie to an ARF post retirement and could continue to generate a post retirement income.   

This illustrates how the self-administered route still makes sense as a tax efficient way to buy property.  

Barry Kennelly
Associate Director Solicitor AITI TEP
ITC Consulting

Why PRSA's are still relevant

The introduction of imputed distributions announced in November’s budget caused some concern to fans of the PRSA. The Memorandum published by the Department of Finance immediately after the Minister’s Budget speech proclaimed that income tax should now be paid on 5%/6% of PRSAs post retirement but also that the tax should be calculated on the aggregate value of all of an individual’s PRSAs once benefits were taken from just one of them. 

The proposal led some advisors to state that the PRSA was no longer a useful vehicle to hold pension benefits. The clarification provided by Finance Bill 2012 that the imputed distribution would only apply to post retirement assets brought some relief.

However, for many reasons we still see the PRSA as a useful and flexible vehicle for pension planning, even after the introduction of the imputed distribution. Here are a few reasons why:

1. There is no imputed distribution where the PRSA investor has not drawn down benefits.
2. Income from UK property held in a PRSA, as opposed to an ARF, can be taken tax-free.
3. Where no benefits have been accessed, the fund goes to the PRSA holder’s estate tax-free. In the same circumstances, benefits of an occupational pension scheme have to be spent buying an annuity for dependants.
4. The PRSA allows you to consolidate personal pensions and frozen occupational benefits and facilitates the transfer of benefits from a personal pension to an occupational pension scheme.
5. The PRSA offers statutory protection against creditors, the ARF does not.
6. The PRSA allows you to split benefits which allow significant planning opportunities.
7. A PRSA investor who is also a 20% director and who wishes to retire before Normal Retirement Age is not compelled to sell his/her shareholding of the employer company.
8. A PRSA investor can continue to contribute until age 75, no matter whether benefits are taken or not.
9. The PRSA is the most carefully regulated pension product in the country, thus meeting the demands of the ever more attentive pension client.
10. The PRSA is still the only pension vehicle which allows all types of contributors; the employed, the unemployed, those without Schedule D or E income.

We will of course continue to keep you updated with developments in the Pension’s area as the finance bill runs through the houses of the Oireachtas.


More information on ITC's PRSA here.